The Great Maharashtra: Mumbai

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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Mumbai</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">THE VIBRANT AND PULSATING CAPITAL OF MAHARASHTRA, MUMBAI (PREVIOUSLY KNOWN AS BOMBAY), is ALSO KNOWN AS THE COMMERCIAL AND BUSINESS CAPITAL OF INDIA. THE CITY HAS THE COUNTRY’S LARGEST AND BUSIEST PORT HANDLING MORE THAN 46 PER CENT OF India’s FOREIGN TRADE. WITH TALL SKYSCRAPERS KISSING THE SKY, AS WELL AS SEVERAL SPRAWLING SLUMS - ONE OF THEM BEING THE BIGGEST IN ASIA, MUMBAI IS A TRULY COSMOPOLITAN CITY BUSTLING WITH ACTIVITY.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">PLACES OF INTEREST:</span></h2>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">AFGHAN CHURCH:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The Afghan Church Of St john the Evangelist was established in 1847 and consecrated 11 years later as a memorial to those who fell in the First Afghan War. It is impressive with wide Gothic arches and beautiful stained-glass windows.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">BASILICA OF MOUNT MARY:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Basilica of Our Lady of the Mount Mary in Bandra, commonly referred to as Mount Mary was built by the Portuguese in 1640. The church is famous for the rituals used to reinforce the power of prayer. The best time to visit the church is during the huge Bandra Fair, held here on 8th September each year.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">MUMBAI STOCK EXCHANGE:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Established in 1887, India’s largest stock exchange is situated at Dalal Street. Its daily trading volume runs into billions of rupees, making it Asia's largest stock exchange after Tokyo. Founded in 1877, the present Stock Exchange building was built a hundred years later. Around 8,000 companies are listed on the Bourse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">CHATHRAPATHI SHIVAJI TERMINUS (VICTORIA TERMINUS):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">At the site of the Koli's original temple to Mumba Devi now stands Chatrapathi Shivaii Terminus- one of Mumbai's most prominent buildings and architecturally one of the finest stations in the world. It is built in a style that combines Gothic and Indian influences. It was completed in 1888. Designed by F.W. Stevens, the building was declared open in 1878. This Italian Gothic building has a frontage of over 1,500 ft. The administrative offices form three sides of a rectangle enclosing an Ornamental garden, the entrance gate guarded by a massive Stone lion and tiger. The most prominent feature of this building is the high 160 ft. dome crowning the centre. On top of the giant dome is a figure of a woman with a torch held aloft to symbolise progress. There are also intriguing figures of peacocks, snakes, monkeys and rats. Marble columns support the entrance facade. The main entrance has four great doorways, which open to the booking offices. The internal arrangements were designed to afford a maximum of convenience. About one thousand trains and nearly two million commuters pass through the Terminus, Mumbai's largest railway station. The local electric trains that ferry in and out of the city leave every three to four minutes. On the other side of the building, are the trains that depart to various cities and towns.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">COLABA:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The hub of tourist activity in Mumbai, Colaba is known for its street stalls, cafes and kitsch ambience. It is also home to the most pocket friendly guesthouses and economy hotels.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">CRAWFORD MARKET:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">With a 50 ft. high sky lit canopy, Crawford Market is the place to shop for a wide variety of fruits, vegetables and meat. It is famous for the frieze just above its main entry point that has been designed by Lock yard Kipling, father of the famous author Rudyard Kipling. It depicts the rural Indian farmer amidst the wheat fields. The building is a blend of Flemish and Norman architecture. Named after Arthur Crawford, the first Municipal Commissioner of Bombay, the building, which was completed in 1869, was donated by Sir Cowasji Jehangir to the city.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">CONVOCATION HALL:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Positioned in the campus of the Mumbai University, the Convocation Hall was designed by a London based architect called Sir George Gilbert Scott; the building is noted for its architectural excellence. Built in 1874, the hall has stone carvings and stained glass panels. The main attraction is the circular stained glass window that depicts the 12 zodiac signs. This high arched hall was built with the aid of Sir Cowasji Jehangir.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">CHURCHGATE:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Situated in downtown South Mumbai, the locality takes its name from Church gate Railway Station, a terminus of the western railway line of Mumbai Suburban Railway of Maharashtra. Serving as the headquarters of the Western Railway, Church gate is the venue of the southernmost station in Mumbai city. The Church gate locality is also the venue of numerous banks and offices, including the office of the Income Tax Department and houses a number of educational institutions as well as some of the important sports complexes in the city. Church gate station has the distinction of being one of the busiest stations of the city.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">CHOWPATTY BEACH:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Situated on Marine Drive, it is perhaps the most popular beach in the city. The well-known chat and pani-puri stalls have been moved to one end of the beach and a large sandy portion has been left clear. Palms and other trees have been planted as a part of the beautification programme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">DR. BHAU DAJI LAD MUSEUM:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Dr. Bhau Daji Lad Museum, earlier known as the Victoria & Albert Museum, is located in the Veermata Jijabai Bhosle Udyan Botanical garden north of the city centre. Founded in 1872, it is housed in a fine Italian Renaissance-style building with ornate pillars, a decorative ceiling, ironwork balconies and Minton stair tiles. The ground floor contains a collection of bronze sculptures, metal ware, fossils and model ships etc. The first floor relates to the city’s past which include old maps of Mumbai dating back to the 17<sup>th</sup> century and model relief, photos and biographies of the city’s leading historic figures. This museum, owned and run by the Mumbai Municipal Corporation, is open daily (except Wednesdays) from 10.30 AM to 4.30 PM.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">FILM CITY:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Bollywood's centre of activity, Film City is located on the outskirts of the National Park. Usually visitors are not permitted, but with special permission, you may get to see a movie being made.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">FASHION STREET:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Situated on the M.G. Road, close to the famous Metro Cinema and Dhobi Talao, it is one of the premier markets of Mumbai, popular for housing a wide variety of readymade garments. The market is a cluster of 130 to 140 clothes stores, where one can get all kinds of in-vogue merchandise. Fashion Street houses a number of shoe shops and jewellery shops. Bargaining is the norm in this market. So, if you want reasonable prices, don't forget to haggle around. Though the market is very popular among residents, college students and teenagers, it is still relatively unknown to the tourists. Even Bollywood celebrities can be seen frequenting the stores at Fashion Street.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">HUTATMA CHOWK (FLORA FOUNTAIN):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Mumbai's ‘Pica dilly Circus’, erected in 1869 in honour of Sir Henry Bartle and Edward Frere, to whose progressive policy Mumbai owes many of her great public buildings, is situated in the heart of the city, in front of the Public Works Secretariat. Hutatma Chowk marks the junction of five streets as the 'Pica dilly Circus’ of Mumbai. Decorated at its four corners with mythological figures, the Fountain is a structure in dull stone with a figure of 'Flora' the Roman Goddess of flowers, at the top. In 1908, the grass and palm trees that originally surrounded the fountain were removed, providing space between the tramlines and the kerb of the fountain for the increasing pedestrian and horse traffic. Today the Hutatma Chowk area is one of the busiest places in the city with many banks, shops and offices surrounding it.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">H20 WATER SPORTS COMPLEX:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Situated at Marine Drive, this complex is managed by Drishtii Adventure Sports Private Limited (DASPL) and is operated by Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation’s (MTDC) Water Sports Centre. Established in 2001, this complex offers water sports and joy rides. Parasailing, water skiing, canoeing, kayaking, jet boats, wind surfing and rowing are some of the major activities here. The joy rides for tourists are the bay cruise, dolphin cruise, pontoon boat, heritage cruise, sunset cruise and the moonlight cruise. The centre also has well-trained lifeguards. The 430 ft. long floating jetty with a walkway is a major attraction here.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">HAJI ALI MOSQUE:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A whitewashed fairytale mosque, Haji Ali is visited by people of all faiths. Built on an islet about 500 yards from the coast of Worli, it is linked to the mainland by a causeway which goes underwater during high tide, making the mosque accessible only during low tide. The white structure is 26 m high and is surrounded by a small courtyard. At night this place is lit up and during high tide the entire structure seems to be floating on Water, presenting an amazing sight. Apart from having religious significance, one can get a splendid view of the city and its skyscrapers from here.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">MUMBAI HIGH COURT:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Located on Bhaurao Patil Marg, this building designed by Col. J.A. Fuller is early English Gothic. Built of blue basalt, it is 562 ft. long and 189 ft. wide. It rises 90 ft. high with a central tower of 178.5 ft. To the west of the central tower are two octagonal towers whose 'Spiffiest' are crowned by the figures of Justice and Mercy. Electric fans and lights were installed in the building in 1910.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">JAMA MASJID:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Located near Crawford Market, this is the largest and. oldest mosque in the city. The Majid is a quadrangular building of brick and stone encircled by a ring of double stoned buildings. The main eastern gate leads to an ancient tank filled with about 10 ft. of water. From the depths of the tank rise 16 black stone arches, which supports the whole of the mosque Thousands of devotees visit the mosque daily, especially on Fridays.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">KALA GHODA:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Kala Ghoda lies between Colaba and Fort, on K. Dubash Marg' It is home for many cultural institutions, a number of galleries and some of Mumbai’s most impressive colonial architecture. The Kala Ghoda fair, 21 Celebration of regional arts and crafts, is held every Sunday in K. Dubash Marg between November and January.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">MANI BHAVAN:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Gandhi Sangrahalaya This is situated at 19, Laburnum Road' Gamdevi. It is one of the more important Gandhi Memorial Museums in the country. Gandhiji stayed and worked here on many occasions, between 1917 and 1934. Once a residence of the Father of the Nation, it is now a source of inspiration and sense of freedom to everyone. The Library on the ground floor consists of more than 20,000 books. It contains books on Gandhiji’s life and Gandhian thought and other allied subjects. Adjoining Gandhiji’s room is the exhibition depicting the Mahatmas life through miniature figures in about 28 tableaux prepared by Smt. Sushila Patel. On the terrace is a small wall with an inscription on a bronze Plaque saying that Gandhiji was arrested on the very spot in the early hours of the morning on 4th January, 1932. The rooms on either sides of the exhibition have been converted into a Picture Gallery providing glimpses of Gandhiji in Mani Bhavan and important events of his life. There is an Auditorium as well as Gnndhiji's room, where he stayed and worked, How preserved fairly in its original setting.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">MARINE DRIVE:  </span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Mumbai's pride and joy a popular promenade, whose dazzling, psychedelic lights in the evening, have earned it the name – Queen’s necklace. It is one of the busiest roads in Mumbai and also one of the breeziest due to its proximity to the sea.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">UNIVERSITY BUILDING:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The University Buildings stand between the High Court and the Old Secretariat. Designed by Sir Gilbert Scott, they were completed in 1874 in a florid and highly decorative French Gothic style. Sir Cowasji Jehangir Hall, the earlier of the two structures, has a high gable roof with square turrets and a circular window with an outer ring that was originally fitted with stained glass windows representing the 12 signs of the zodiac. The Library Building comprises of two floors. Above the porch of the building rises the 280 ft high Rajabai Clock Tower, which is a five storied building decorated elaborately. The top of the cupola is ornamented with sixteen statues and about 30 ft. from the ground are about eight other statues depicting various Indian caste. The Library and clock tower were com missioned in 1880; the bells and clock were installed two years later.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">MINT:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Situated at Horn man Circle, it is a major tourist destination in Mumbai. As the name suggests, it is the site of coin minting. Built in 1829, by the British East India Company the building conforms to the Grecian architecture. Designed by architect, Major John Hopkins, this historic building bears testimony to the old world charm. It stands on a land reclaimed from the sea. The total area of the building is 60,000 square yards. Prior permission from the Mint Master is required for visiting this building.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">NARIMAN POINT:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Mumbai's Manhattan reclaimed from the sea, the city's tallest and most elegant skyscrapers can be found here. This plot is a specimen of the wonders modern building science can perform. This place was filled with waters of the Arabian Sea until it was reclaimed to build a series of skyscrapers all over this plot. Visitors usually impressed by its sleek skyscrapers, that resemble Manhattan’s skyline, have called this place 'a piece of Manhattan transported to Mumbai’. This reclaimed area is the city's new commercial centre, full of luxurious restaurants and plush offices. Commercially, it is one of the best addresses of the city, bustling and hectic by day but strangely deserted at night.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">NEHRU PLANETARIUM AND NEHRU SCIENCE CENTRE:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Named after Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, India’s first Prime Minister, the Planetarium is located at Dr. Annie Besant Road, Worli. It was inaugurated by the late Prime Minister Mrs. Indira Gandhi, daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, on 12th December 1979. Specially designed for children and youth, the Nehru Science Centre at Worli is truly a ‘Wonderland of Science'. Here, children can not only view but also participate with the numerous exhibits that illustrate and educate them on various scientific phenomenon. Set amidst serene and beautiful landscape, the special attractions here include a computer laboratory, mobile science exhibition units, evolution and heritage hall, auditorium, inflatable dome planetarium, science library and a children's science park. The planetarium offers a new opportunity for fostering scientific interest. Its sky-show makes learning astronomy a pleasant experience. The show combines entertainment with instruction and provides a new experience in cosmic awareness. The narration, music, sound-effects and special slide projections create a sense of total participation in the show. They help to expand the frontiers of knowledge of the universe. The imposing building, Nehru Planetarium, is a major landmark in Mumbai. It has three floors with a total area of 5,000 sq. m and is centrally air conditioned. The library contains a collection of books on astronomy, astrophysics and space sciences. A hobby workshop cattie children and enthusiastic amateurs who wish to build their own. Telephones and models to innovate their own pat- terns of study.  It has a circular sky theatre with a seating capacity of about 600. In the middle of the sky theatre is a giant Plane' atrium projector, a versatile instrument that faithfully reproduces the night Sky as seen at any place of the earth at any time past, present and future.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">NEHRU MUSEUM:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">This cylindrical building includes a planetarium, an art-gallery, restaurant, library, cultural centre and a 14-gallery exhibit called Discovery Of India. There are antique exhibits like a railway engine, tram-car, supersonic airplane and steam-lorry. It is also avenue of numerous international trade-fairs and local exhibitions. The discovery of India expo is open daily except on Mondays from 10.30 AM to 5.00 PM. Entry is free.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">OLD SECRETARIAT:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Located on Bhaurao Patel Marg, this huge building dating from 1874 was designed in Venetian Gothic style by Colonel St. Clair Wilkins. The main features are the long arcaded verandas that overlook the maidan (ground) and an imposing central tower. Now this is home to the civil and city courts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">ROYAL BOMBAY YACHT CLUB:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The Royal Bombay Yacht Club, located just north of the Taj Mahal Hotel looks directly onto the Gateway of India. It was built in 1898 in Gothic style. The landscaped garden between the Yacht Club and the Gateway of India is a favourite weekend picnic spot.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">RACE COURSE:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The Mahalakshmi Race Course is one of the best in the world. The six months' season of excellent sport here attracts huge crowd and heavy betting.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">RAJABAI CLOCK TOWER:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Located in the gardens of the University of Mumbai building, adjacent to the Bombay High Court, it is one among the many notable artistic buildings dotting the Mumbai landscape. This tower, measuring 280 ft. was built in Gothic style of architecture by a stockbroker named Premchand Roychand in memory of his mother Rajabai, in the 1870's. There are five floors in the tower featuring the finest specimens in decorative art. Another notable feature is the spiral staircase. The clock currently plays the soft tunes of the Big Ben on the quarter. Hour, a faint reminder of the grandeur of yore when it used to play about Sixteen tunes including Rule Britannia, God Save the King and a Handel Symphony. Below the clock is the University Library, Which features some of the finest embellished stained glass windows in Asia.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">RAJ BHAVAN:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Located at the southern tip of Malabar Hill it was once the British governor’s house. The bungalow that forms the nucleus of Raj Bhavan was built by Mountstuart Elphinstone in the 1820's. At present the governor of Maharashtra resides here.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">ST. THOMAS CATHEDRAL:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Located at the centre of the Veer Narirnan road arld Cowasji Patel Street, it is the oldest English building standing in Mumbal. Its foundation was laid in 1676 during the governorship of Gerald Aungier, but it was not finished until Christmas day in 1718. A fountain designed by Gilbert Scott stands in the courtyard. Its tower and garden continue to form a significant landmark of the city.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Mumbai has two major Synagogues, one built in 1796 and the other in 1847. The older synagogue is said to have been built by Samaji Hasanji (Samuel Ezekiel) who joined the British army and grew to be the native commandant of the 6th Battalion. While serving in the Second Mysore War, he was taken prisoner by Tipu Sultan. Tipu's mother and chief maulavi (priest) helped him escape. In gratitude for his deliverance he built this synagogue called Shaar Harahmeno i.e., the Gate of Mercy.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">This colourful water-front is the scene of intense activity at dawn when the fishing fleet unloads its catch. It was built by David Sassoon, a Baghdadi Jew.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">THE GATEWAY OF INDIA:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">At water’s edge in Apollo Bunder, it was built in 1927 to commemorate the visit of King George V and Queen Mary for the Delhi Durbar in 1911. It was designed by George Witter to symbolise the enduring nature of the British Rule. It is made in Indo-Islamic style using honey-coloured basalt. The archway is 26 m high and joined with four turrets and intricate latticework carved on stones. Behind the gateway is a beautiful statue of the Maratha leader Shivaji, astride his horse, erected in 1960. A statue of the social reformer Swami Vivekananda also stands nearby. There are launches and cruisers anchored in front of the Gateway that take people in expeditions to the Elephanta Caves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">TAJ MAHAL HOTEL:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Situated close to the Gateway, this hotel dominates the Colaba waterfront and is the epicentre of the city's social life. lt was built in1903 by the Parsi lndustrialist JN Tata and designed by W Chambers. It is a magnificent structure that exhibits Moorish influences and is crowned by a red-roofed dome.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">THE PRINCE OF WALES MUSEUM:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">This was built between 1904 and 1914 and was used during World War l as a hospital. In 1923, it was first opened to the public. The museum can be spotted from a distance on account of its large central marble dome that sparkles in the sunshine. It is a mid-Victorian Gothic-style building made of basalt stone, surrounded by a beautiful garden. It is named after the Prince of Wales who came to India and laid its foundation in 1905. This grand structure houses a good collection of ancient Indus Valley artefacts dating back to 2000 BC and some priceless Tibetan and Nepali art. There is also a gallery devoted to Buddhist tankha scrolls and Tibetan bronzes but the main attraction here is the collection of over 2000 miniature paintings from the various art schools of India. The Bombay Natural History Society, which has an extensive collection of local flora and fauna, is nearby. Carefully preserved, the museum is a pleasure to visit, the gardens surrounding the building adding to its charm. Timings: 10.15 AM to 6.00 PM. Closed on Mondays.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">THE JEHANGIR ART GALLERY:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Built in 1952, the art gallery is managed by the Bombay Art Society. The two highly sought-after wings of the gallery are rented to artists at low rates for a brief period. The annual show is a major event and virtually all the art talent in the city has been represented at the Bombay Art Society’s annual exhibition. The gallery is open from Monday to Friday between 10.00 AM and 5.00 PM.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">THE JEHANGIR NICOLSON MUSEUM OF MODERN ART:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Established in 1976, Vlehangir Nicholson Museum of Modern Art is a private museum at Nariman Point. The museum has on display a superb collection of paintings, photo- graphs and sculptures collected by Jehangir Nicholson - a collector of contemporary Indian art. These exhibits serve as an important record of the evolution and progress of contemporary Indian art and artists, over the years. Among the collections are paintings by well-known artists such as Rabindranath Tagore, Jamini Roy, Nalani Malani and Jitish Kallat. Entry to the museum is free. Visitors are allowed from 11.00 AM to 7.00 PM on all days, except Sundays and bank holidays.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">TARAPOREWALA AQUARIUM:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Situated near the end of Marine Drive, the aquarium is the only one of its kind in Mumbai. It was formally opened by the Late Dr. Rajendra Prasad on the 27th May, 1951. A very popular place for children to visit, the aquarium has three large rooms that contain fishes varying in shape, size and colour. Amongst them are printed morays, huge gold fish, whales and sharks. A couple of turtles can also be seen swimming gracefully around their tanks. Various other exhibits are on display in another room. Jewellery fashioned out of pearls and mother-of-pearls are exhibited here. There are also specimens and information depicting the various stages of growth in a pearl. The aquarium also has a small but interesting collection of aquatic plants.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">TOWN HALL:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Designed by Colonel Thomas Cowper and completed in 1833, Town Hall is a neoclassical building at Harriman Circle in the Fort of Mumbai. The colonnaded Town Hall is ordered with spiral staircases, wrought-iron loggias and old parquet floors. It houses the Asiatic Society, a library with a collection of 800,000 antique volumes and a small museum with exquisite marble statues.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">PARKS & GARDENS</span></h2>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">KAMALA NEHRU PARK:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Named after Jawaharlal Nehru’s wife, this park is situated at Malabar hill. Opened in 1952, it covers an area of 4,000 square yards and commands a superb view of the bejewelled necklace of Marine Drive. At sunset, one can see a very pretty waterfall with fountains and cascades. A constant source of enjoyment is a giant old woman’s shoe meant for the young to play in. There is a lovely pavilion here, surrounded by beautiful flowerbeds and huge lawns. Another wonderful sight is the dome-shaped summerhouse, which can also be used as a bandstand. The park is open from 5.00 AM to 9.00 PM.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">HORNIMAN CIRCLE GARDENS:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">This large garden sprawls in an area of 10,101 sq m, and is encircled by the office com- plexus lodging the leading banks of India. The Garden overlooks the prominent landmark of the city, the Asiatic Society of Bombay. Designed on the lines of Lon- don’s Park Crescent, the garden has a neoclassical porch, with a small park, well planned walkways and rows of trees.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">NIRVANA PARK:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sprawling over 4 acres of lush green grass dunes, Nirvana Park is a perfect place to rest and relax, and is located at Powai. The park has a large variety of rare plants, trees, shrubs, hedges and edge plants. lt also has children’s play area, bridges, amazing fountains and beautiful cascades. A paddle- boat-ride facility is also available here.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">PRIYADARSHINI PARK:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Situated in the posh residential area of Malabar Hill, to the west of Napean Sea Road, this is a park, garden and a sports centre, all rolled into one. Spread over an area of 20 acres in a reclaimed piece of land on the seafront, this is a favourite haunt for the young, old and fitness enthusiasts. Initially developed as a park, this place now sports a 400 m Olympic-styled synthetic turf track, four tennis courts, a fully equipped gym and a health club.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">SHIVAJI PARK:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">This park hosts huge processions, public meetings, and conferences. A Ganpati Mandir, a mini children’s park, and an idol of the great Maratha King, Chhatrapati Shivaji, are located inside the park,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">SIR PHEROZASHAH MEHTA GARDENS (HANGING GARDENS):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Located on the slope of a hill, with Chowpatty beach below, these gardens were laid out in 1881 over 3 reservoirs, which store billions of gallons of water for cleaning, before they are pumped to the thirsty city of Mumbai. It is a popular picnic spot.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">VEERAMATA JEEJABAI BHONSLE UDYAN (VICTORIA GARDENS):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Located in Byculla, this grand Victorian Gothic structure was built around 1871 and was first opened to public in November 1872 by Lady Frere. Popularly called Rani Bagh, it houses a zoo which has several species of animals and birds that have been declared as endangered. Here, one can enjoy a ride on the back of an elephant, while spotting different animals from a closer range. Victoria Garden also has a well-laid-out botanical garden, which encompasses rare species of plants that have been preserved for studies and research. A giant statue of an elephant that was brought originally from the Elephanta Caves and a fascinating Renaissance Clock Tower at the entrance of the garden that echoes the Italian and Renaissance style of architecture are other attractions here.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">TEMPLES</span></h2>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">BABULNATH MANDIR:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">This temple at the end of Marine Drive and south of Malabar hill was built in 1780. In 1900, a tall spire was added to the temple's structure and a pillared hall and terrace were completed. A stone lingam of Shiva is worshipped at Babulnath.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">BHULESHWAR TEMPLE:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Bhuleshwar, or more properly Bholeshwar (the Pure One) is built of black stone with an ornamental, octagonal dome. The temple is covered with brass plate and has a red flag adorned with representations of the sun and moon. The original structure was built some 200 years ago and the present temple structure supplanted in about 1830. The lingam at Bhuleshwar is said to have miraculously risen to its present position. The inner shrine also contains images of Parvathi and Ganesh.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">MAHALAKSHMI TEMPLE:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Originally, to the north of Malabar Hill, stood three temples dedicated to Lakshmi, Saraswati and Kali, which were totally destroyed by invaders. Several decades later, when the British chose to connect the Mahalakshmi area to Worli by building Breach Candy, ferocious tides swept in and destroyed several such attempts. It was at this time that Goddess Lakshmi is believed to have appeared in a dream to Ramji Shivji, a contractor. She told him to remove the three statues from the seabed and establish them in a proper shrine. Ramji acted according to the wishes of the Goddess and the Hornby Villard was successfully completed. The Mahalakshmi Temple in Breach Candy is one of the most popular temples in the city and during Navarathri celebrations, devotees stand for hours in long queues awaiting their turn to worship the goddess. The Temple contains images of Goddess Mahalakshmi, Mahakali and Mahasaraswathi. All three images are adorned with nose rings, gold bangles and pearl necklaces. The image of Mahalakshmi is shown riding a tiger.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">MUMBADEVI TEMPLE:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">This temple was built in honour of the Goddess Mumbadevi, from whose name it is said, that the English word 'Bombay' is derived. The Goddess personifies Mother Earth and is still worshipped by the descendants of the Dravidian population of western and southern India. The original temple built by Koli fishermen was demolished around 1737 and a new temple was erected in its place at Phansi Talao. The modern shrine contains an image of the Goddess Mumbadevi dressed in a robe with a silver crown, a nose stud and a golden necklace. To the left is a stone figure of Annapurna seated on a peacock. In front of the shrine is a tiger, the carrier of the Goddess.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">SIDDHI VINAYAK TEMPLE:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">An 18<sup>th</sup> century shrine situated at Prabhadevi, it enshrines a black stone idol of Ganesh with four hands (Chaturbhuj) holding a lotus in upper right, a small axe in upper left, holy beads in the lower right and a bowl full of ’Modaks' (a favourite delicacy of Ganesh). The most noteworthy feature of the temple is that the trunk of Lord Ganesh is curled towards his right, in the valampuri mode. The temple also has a Kalash  a pointed dome of 12 ft., a high sanctum sanctorum, which is plated in gold. The Gabhara (sanctum sanctorum) is a spacious enclosure with 3 main doors made of perforated wood, which depicts Ashta Ganapati, Ashta Lakshmi and Dashavatar.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">SURYA NARAYAN TEMPLE:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Built in the year 1899, the temple is dedicated to the worship of the Sun God. It is situated at Surajwadi, Paniiapol Lane, Bhuleshwar. The temple is built of white stone; at the main entrance are carved figures of jay and Vijay, the celestial gatekeepers. There is a spacious hall for the reading of the Puranas (Holy Books) and galleries used by sadhus and visitors. In the quadrangle on stone pillars are sculptured the Sapta Rishi or the seven sages. At the entrance of the inner sanctuary, which is paved with marble, stand figures of Maruti, Ganesh and the 'Apsaras’ or celestial damsels. In the inner sanctuary, seated on a one-wheeled chariot, is the Sun God wearing a crown and flanked on either side by his two Wives Prabha and Chhaya. The chariot is drawn by a horse with seven heads and the driver is the Sun God's lame charioteer Aruna.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">THE JAIN TEMPLE:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Situated on Ridge Road (B.C. Kher Marg) on Malabar Hill, and built in 1903 for Swetamber Jains, the shrine is dedicated to Adinath, the first Jain Tirthankara. The walls of the temple are adorned with colourful paintings depicting various incidents in the lives of the 24 Tirthankaras of the Jain Religion. On the first floor is a special shrine dedicated to Parsvanath carved out of black marble and the ceiling shows the different planets as personified in Hindu mythology.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">WALKESHWAR TEMPLE (LORD OF SAND):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Located on Walkeshwar road, close to Malabar Hill, this temple is one of the oldest heritage sites in Mumbai, dedicated to Lord Shiva. Banganga Tank attached to the temple dates back to the year 1127, one of the oldest structures in Mumbai. An annual Hindustani classical music festival is organised here in the month of January by the Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">EXCURSIONS</span></h2>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">AAREY MILK COLONY (35 KM):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">One of the most modern milk colonies in the world, situated at Goregaon amidst a pic turesque location abound with natural beauty, it is also a popular picnic spot for families. Standing on the observation pavilion, situated near the colony entrance, one can get the best view of the surrounding landscape. It is also noted for the fine gardens interspersed in the colony. This place is especially popular among the school children for whom sightseeing tours are held inside the bottling plants and dairy farms. The canteen here serves popular snacks, milk products and fresh milk from the dairy.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">AMBARNATH (74 KM):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">This is a 11th century Chalukyan Shiva Temple and a picnic spot. The 1,000 years old temple is made of richly carved stone blocks. An Archaeological Survey of India board at the site states that the Ambarnath temple is perhaps the oldest shrine dedicated to Shiva in the coastal parts of Maharashtra.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">BHAJA CAVES (114 KM):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Located off Pune Highway, these are the largest Chaitya (halls of worship) caves in India. The caves are said to be as old as the 2<sup>nd</sup> century. The eighteen caves at Bhaia are dedicated to Lord Buddha and have been beautifully carved with His images. Some of the images represent Lord Buddha, in symbolic terms also, and some showcase the incidents surrounding His life. The carved images include that of the lotus or elephant, symbolising his birth. Then, there is the carving of the Bodhi Tree under which He attained Nirvana. Other figures include a mound that symbolises Lord Buddha's death and a throne that serves as a reminder of His life as a prince. At the entrance of the caves is a temple dedicated to Goddess Ekvira. Standing on the left-hand side of this temple is a soaring pillar, adorned with three lions at its top. Bhaia caves used to serve as the residence of the Buddhist monks and have been ornamented with wood-work-based on architectural design. The twelfth cave is the biggest of all and consists of a prayer hall. It has been adorned with ancient Buddhist architecture and a tilted vault. One of the popular attractions of the Bhaia Caves is a 'Dancing Couple' structure, situated in the last cave. There are also a number of Viharas at these caves, which are now being used as hostels for the Buddhist monks who are taught here. The incredible stupas adorning the interiors and exteriors of the caves are also worth a mention.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">FANTASY LAND:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A famous fun park located in Jogeshwari, built in 1992, this recreation centre has a wide range of international games and rides. Spread over an area of 30 acres, Fantasy Land offers various coin operated games and horse rides. There is an artificial lake with pedal boats. The main attractions are dragon, grand slam, master blaster with a dozen arms and a slam bob. The park is open every day except Mondays from 11. O0 AM to 8.00 PM.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">GHORBUNDER (43 KM):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A beautifully landscaped Golden Valley Resort is located here. Originally a farmhouse surrounded by paddy fields and mango plantations; this makes an enchanting picnic spot. A Portuguese fort is also located here.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">JOGESHWARI CAVE:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A 1,500 years old historical site in Jogeshwari, it is a Brahmanical type rock cave believed to have been erected during the reign of the Mauryas. A long flight of steps leads to the central pillared hall of the cave temple, which enshrines a Shivling. It also has smaller chambers, of which one of them enshrines a vivid orange colored idol of Lord Ganesh. The idols of Lord Hanuman, Lord Datta and Goddess Jogeshwari also are found here. Apart from these, one can find the relics of two huge dwarpals (door men) which mark the glorious architectural past of the temple.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">JUHU BEACH (21 KM):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The most popular beach on the shores of the Arabian Sea, it is located on the Bandra-Khar road. Food stalls, Merry-go-rounds and tumble boxes are clustered together at a midway point on this sandy strip. This part of the beach, almost deserted on weekdays, always tends to get very crowded during weekends. The sea at Juhu is relatively safe during high tide. Children are entertained with a variety of amusements, like a family of acrobats who perform feats, along with their well-trained dogs. There are also horse and camel rides to enjoy. Vendors ply on the beach calling attention to their wares, which are mostly souvenirs like T-shirts and cute little Indian dolls made from sea shells. The main attractions near Juhu Beach are ISKCON Temple complex, Versova Beach, the Prithvi Theatre, and shooting pool at Raspberry Rhinoceros. It is also one of the posh localities of Mumbai and bungalows of many famous Bollywood personalities are located nearby. The place is also a favourite spot with Indian moviemakers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">KARNALA BIRD SANCTUARY AND FORT (60 KM):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Located on the Mumbai-Goa road, the Karnala fort lies between Pen and Panvel, which is at a height of 445 m above sea level. At the bottom of the fort is the famous Karnala bird sanctuary. About 150 species of birds have been spotted here, 30 of which are migratory. The rare Ashy Minivet, a native of the Philippines, has also been seen here. The best time to visit is from November to February.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">MADH ISLAND (40 KM):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A popular picnic spot situated in the rural area of the city, the place is dotted with exquisite bungalows and an urban aura. The island, with its scenic backdrop and sandy beaches, is trolling enchanting and is best suited for a good stress-free stroll. It has the reputation of being the ideal spot to throw lavish beach parties and hold techno raves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">U-TAN SEA-SIDE RESORT (74 KM):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">It is situated atop a cliff overlooking Utan fishing village, the sea and an old lighthouse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">VERSOVA BEACH (29 KM):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">This beach is as popular as Juhu; it is a home to Mumbai's largest Koli fishing community.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">VITARNA DAM (122 KM):</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Also called the Modak Dam, a perfect picnic spot, with breathtaking scenery and a climate that is invigorating all year round, the dam is set amidst thick woods.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">VAJRESHWARI:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Vajreshwari is known for its hot springs, the temple of Goddess Vaireshwari and the ashrams of Swami Muktananda and Swami Nityanand. It is a famous health resort and also a spiritual centre visited by thousands.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Mumbai: The Capital Of Maharashtra

Mumbai THE VIBRANT AND PULSATING CAPITAL OF MAHARASHTRA, MUMBAI (PREVIOUSLY KNOWN AS BOMBAY), is ALSO KNOWN AS THE COMMERCIAL AND BUSINE...

Karnala: Fort As Well As Bird Sanctuary

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Mumbai: The Capital Of Maharashtra